First Draft

Week 10 : Conclusion

Instructions:

1. Read the conclusion instructions here.
2. Write your conclusion and all the drafts like this example. 
3. Don’t delete the old conclusions! Keep a record of them so I and your peers can see your progress.

My Conclusion 1

It is not hard to find sources that will warn you of the coming robot apocalypse or singularity that will render humans obsolete, either in entertainment (The Matrix) or legitimate science (Ron Kurzweil). I will be the first to admit that in so many ways these fears are justified. Computers and technology are capable of terrifying acts of destruction and cold inhumanity. What is important to remember, though, is that none of these acts are possible without human provocation, and the sometimes-scary lifelessness of computers is, when put in perspective, as scary as the lifelessness of a vacuum cleaner or screw driver. In short, they’re tools. Incredibly powerful, important and relied-upon tools. If we ever limit the expansion of technology, or anything, really, based on an unfounded fear though, we are costing ourselves so much. We will cost ourselves advances in medicine, food, water and air purification, clean energy developments and crisis management solutions. Dramatic as it may sound, it is not an exaggeration to say that technological advances save lives when used responsibly. Instead of looking at the onward march of technology as a criminal or culprit in the various woes of humanity we need to consider it from the more realistic and opportunistic perspective of, “How can we use this technology? How can we develop it to better serve our needs?” Like Prometheus surely scared his friends by wielding fire, we will no doubt earn criticism and condemnation for allowing and encouraging the pursuit of new technologies, but like Prometheus, it will be easy to ignore those criticisms with a full belly. 

My Conclusion 2

It is not hard to find sources that will warn you of the coming robot apocalypse or singularity that will render humans obsolete, either in entertainment - the Matrix or Terminator series - or legitimate science - Ron Kurzweil and the whole school of futuroligists. In part, I agree; computers and technology are capable of terrifying acts of destruction and cold inhumanity. What is important to remember, though, is that none of these acts are possible without human provocation, and the sometimes-scary lifelessness of computers is really only as scary as the lifelessness of a vacuum cleaner or screw driver. In short, they’re tools: Incredibly powerful, important and relied-upon tools, but still just tools. If we ever limit the expansion of technology, we will cost ourselves advances in medicine, food, water and air purification, clean energy developments and crisis management solutions. It is not an exaggeration to say that technological advances save lives when used responsibly. Instead of looking at technology suspiciously, we need to consider it from the perspective of, “How can we use this technology? How can we develop it to better serve our needs?” Like Prometheus surely scared his friends by wielding fire, we will no doubt earn criticism and condemnation for allowing and encouraging the pursuit of new technologies. But, like Prometheus, it will be easy to ignore those criticisms with a full belly - or a robot hygienist meticulously disinfecting our whole house, as the case may be.

Week 9 : Refutation and Concession

Instructions:

1. Answer the following questions.

2. Write your own refutation and concession.

1. What is my thesis?

Although computers are constantly evolving, they will never be as powerful as the human brain.

2. What is the opposite position?

Eventually, computers will equal or surpass human brains.

3. What arguments can I anticipate?

a) Moore's Law (Computer processors double in power every year). b) Kurzweil, Google's futurologist and singularity poster boy. c) Advances in robot technology mirroring human behavior.

4. How will I counter those arguments?

a) Not an actual law, just an observation and prediction that has so far been true. b) Kurzweil is a publicity figure and promotes the idea of a singularity as a tool of self promotion. c) Robotics and CPU power are not parallel. 

My Refutation and Concession

Obviously my opinion is not the popular one, despite being the correct one. There are plenty of people who will dispute my position with examples from Ron Kurzweil, or Moore's law, or various recent advances in robotic technology that mimics human behavior. Of course, these arguments are all shortsighted and simply incorrect. First of all, Moore's Law - the prediction that computer power will double every year created by Intel cofounder Gorden E. Moore in 1965 - is really not a law. While it has proven roughly accurate so far, there is no reason to expect that this trend will continue. It's like saying that because the wind has been blowing South for the past hour, it will continue to do the same for eternity. In fact a more recent head of Intel, Bob Colwell, predicted the end of Moore's law to come in the year 2020 due to practical limitations of the physical world. Computers will continue to get more powerful, but they will never reach the computing power necessary to compete with a human brain because of the fact that a transistor can never be created at a size smaller than 5 nanometers. Perhaps my most likely detractor would be Ron Kurzweil, the singularity fanboy that no doubt most other detractors would quickly cite if asked to defend their position. The problem is Kurzweil is little more than a science fiction author with a reputable employer (Google). The truth is that Kurzweil's articulate predictions for the expansion of technology are mere conjecture with no solutions to the barriers people like Bob Colwell anticipate. Perhaps the most obvious reason that he would never concede to the improbability of his hypothesis is that his entire professional career and reputation are staked on the hope that one day the singularity - the moment computers reach consciousness and network together then begin multiplying in numbers and power exponentially - will become a reality. Lastly, and frankly the most laughable counterargument to my position would come from the belief that the modern trend in robotics to humanize their subjects will logically extend to cpus. If we make robots that look like humans, doesn't it make sense that our computers will act like humans, too? No, it doesn't make sense. In fact, we've been copying human movement in primitive toys since 2000 BC in Egypt and self propelled windup robots since the 15th century. The pursuit to artificial intelligence is a unique field that has been a subject of sci fi until only very recently. Humans like making things that look like humans and we always will, but we will never make a computer as smart as a human. 

Week 8 : Confirmation

Instructions:
1. Answer the following questions.
2. Write your confirmation.
3. Start linking to your sources. 

1. What is my thesis?
Although computers are constantly evolving, they will never be as powerful as the human brain.

2. What types of source am I using to defend my thesis? 
I am using expert opinions, a famous and relevant philosophical example and a fun article.

3. Are my arguments mostly based on evidence, logic or emotion?
My arguments have no hard evidence. In fact, I think that is one of the biggest problems with my confirmation. I have good quotes from famous people, and a good example with the Chinese Room, but no statistics or studies to support my thesis. There are no emotional appeals either, but I don't think those would be useful.

My Confirmation

Perhaps one of the challenges to adequately discussing this topic is the difficulty of defining the human brain in a way that can be compared to a computer so as to compare the power of the two. Let's first look at the human brain through a terrible lens, and one that sci fi concepts seem to constantly attribute to computers: the power to destroy. Perhaps the unique human ability to war and fight at a level unique to our species (Dolphins, as predatory and scary as they may be, will never launch a mortar barrage against an enemy pod or engage in genocide.) so will robots ever reach this uniquely human metric? Computer science professor at the University of Sheffield, England Noel Sharkey says no. "They are just computer systems... the only way they can become dangerous is when used in military applications." To Sharkey, robots and artificial intelligence have the greatest growth potential in toy markets, a strong indication of the potential for nefariousness he sees in future computing technology. He goes on to point out that the largest developments in robotics come not from software, but from their hardware. Robots that can walk or navigate difficult terrain seem to be the new trend for robots mimicking human behavior.

An article from Vox.com makes an interesting case about why computers will never be able to match human intelligence:

A computer program has never grown up in a human family, fallen in love, been cold, hungry or tired, and so forth. In short, they lack a huge amount of the context that allows human beings to relate naturally to one another.

Basically, the argument is that even if a computer can match our brain's computational power (A very far off and unlikely possibility), it will never be able to pass as a human because it lacks the experiences that really create our humanity. Or, in other words, humans are so much more than our brain power - we are the products of our upbringings. Our tenacity, will, passions and dreams all come from the sum of our experiences, not how fast we think. Because of that, computers will not be able to function at a human level of creativity or character. 

Actually, this supposition stems from a famous scenario from philosopher John Searle in the 1980s. He proposed that an Englishman with no knowledge of Chinese, if locked in a room with an instruction manual for reading and writing Chinese characters, could successfully interpret and respond to messages passed under the door to him from a native Chinese speaker on the outside of the room. Theoretically, given enough time, the Englishman could respond so accurately that the native Chinese speaker would be sure that she was in fact corresponding with another native Chinese speaker.  Essentially, the Englishman would have passed himself off as a Chinese person with no contextual understanding of what it means to be Chinese. The extension of the argument into artificial intelligence is that even if we create a computer that can mimic and interact with humans so convincingly that we believe we are conversing with a real human, that machine will not be human because it lacks the contextual understandings of humanity.

Whether we define the brain by what it produces (In this paper I discussed the example of war, but many other examples would suffice, art or romance, for example), or in terms of raw computational power or how the experiences that mold each molecularly similar brain into such unique masterpieces the conclusion remains the same: Any computer, no matter how powerful or well conceived, can approach a human level of thought or existence.

Week 7 : Narration

Instructions:
1. Write your thesis.
2. Answer questions 1, 2 and 3.
3. Write your Narration.

My persuasive argument thesis is: The anonymity absolutely has an impact on cyber bullying.

1. What do people already know about my topic?

Everyone knows that computers are extremely powerful. Everyone knows they are vital to modern life. We have computers in our phones, watches, air-con and some of us have them in our bodies. People are exposed to sci-fi movies and books where computers take over the world and enslave people, so some people have an irrational fear about the future of computers. Also, even though we use computers so frequently, it should be noted that many people have no idea how computers really work. 

2. What research has already been done about my topic?

http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/news/features/dnnvision-071414.aspx - Good example of computers learning, especially the speed of growth of computer ability and knowledge. Still limited to very niche application, though.
https://www.humanbrainproject.eu/faq/computing - Interesting new effort at recreating the human brain, and also a nice list of its limitations and challenges to create it.
http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2014/feb/22/computers-cleverer-than-humans-15-years - prominent specialist's opinion that disagrees with my own. I can mention that his career and reputation benefit from such predictions. 

3. What are the implications of my argument (What if I'm right? What if I'm right and people ignore me?)

Humans will remain at the top of the food chain. Computers will be incapable of autonomy. Technology will evolve, humans will need to adapt, but we will never be outsmarted by machines. If people ignore me, they will waste a lot of time, energy and stress worrying about an unrealistic future. They will ignore more realistic threats like global warming or political 

My Narration

Since Samuel Butler first expressed his fears of the rapid development of machinery, humans have fixated on this imagined future where we are enslaved or worse by our own creations. Considering he said, "There is no security against the ultimate development of mechanical consciousness," in the 19th century, before computers, his words proved surprisingly salient. Despite the fact that computers are indisputably growing in terms of computational power at an incredible rate, there is no reason to realistically fear a computer that can work autonomously in any meaningful way, let alone outsmart a human. Consider Microsoft's Project Adam. The software can sort and organize millions of photos quickly and accurately by analyzing the images. It can distinguish between extremely similar looking breeds of dogs in a photo, for example. Practically this means you might one day be able to do an image search for a sweater you want, oh, say, "a mauve cashmere sweater with 3/4 lengths sleeves," and without any cumbersome text based tagging or sorting the search engine will analyze every single image on the internet and parse out all the cashmere sweaters that aren't mauve or have full sleeves. An impressive accomplishment. This represents one of the most incredible achievements of practical computing today. However, even this breakthrough in computing technology does nothing to narrow the gap between computer and human intelligence. The technology cannot operate independently of human involvement. The technology is still responding entirely to human based input, on human based instructions with human programmers and human technology feeding it, like electricity or data from the internet. 

Or, to look at an example of cutting edge technology trying more directly to mirror the power of the human brain, let's consider the Human Brain Project's effort to recreate the human brain's neural network by networking millions of computers. Their hope is that one day the network will be so sophisticated that it will have the same plasticity and power of a human brain. Even though there are real people with real plans to accomplish this, on their own website they acknowledge how unfeasible this project is in reality, and why even if it is created it will not really rival human brain power. First, the power consumption of their current model is more than an obstacle, it is a concrete barrier. The technology required would require hundreds of millions of times the power of the human brain. That means that to power one single hypothetical brain, it would require the entire power production of several small countries combined - for one "brain". 

If we examine the thinkers that predict a world of computers thinking on a human level we encounter a mostly deluded camp of sci-fi lovers who base their theories on Star Wars inspired fantasy more than any facts. Even the serious and respected thinkers, like Ray Kurzweil, Google's "futurologist" (Even the title invites mockery, doesn't it?) have questionable motives when they make predictions about computers that think like people in 15 years. The existence of his job relies on the hope that one day computers can reach that level. Similarly, Kurzweil's reputation would suffer if the idea that computer's will match our thinking power became common place. Certainly The Guardian would be less interested in him.

Artificial intelligence, and the abiding fears of computer-powered dominion over humans, are common place and popular fodder for idle discussion. However, when considered in reality these fears are misguided, and the hope of a computer as smart as a human is absurd. 

Week 6 : Introduction

  "Go kill yourself.", "Why are you still alive?' Imagine when you receive those comments anonymously. How would you feel? A 12-year-old girl, Rebecca Ann Sedwich killed herself after being tormented online and cellphone with those comments. This implies some connections between the anonymity and cyber bullying. People are getting cruel easily when they hide behind the shade of 'anonymity.' Consider writing a comment as throwing a bomb from airplane. People might throw a bomb mindlessly because they don't see the suffering they cause. But the bomb is fatal enough to kill the victim. Bullying which existed in the real world now spreads its branches out to the cyber world. And cyber bullying is getting cruel more and more thanks to anonymity. The anonymity absolutely has an impact on cyber bullying.

1. Attention grabber -
I attracted the audience by giving real malicious comments. Then I pointed out the seriousness of cyber bullying which is getting serious due to anonymity.

2. Explains the topic -
I explained the connection between anonymity and cyber bullying through metaphor.

3. My thesis -
The anonymity absolutely has an impact on cyber bullying is my thesis statement.

Week 4 / Week 5 : Research

Source:
Faceless, Nameless, Merciless: Anonymous Online Bullying
http://www.watchyourspace.ie/your-space/faceless-nameless-merciless-anonymous-online-bullying/

My Topic:
The anonymity has an effect on cyber bullying, especially verbal abuse.

What I hope to learn from this source:
I want to find how anonymity stimulate teenager's emotion and solution for cyber bullying if it's possible

Notes:

1. Anonymous internet users can come in many forms, from ‘trolls,’ stirring trouble in communal forums, to hateful bullies on personal sites.
2. People may expose themselves for a number of reasons, from their own insecurities, to simple curiosity.
3. Anonymity is not wholly a negative thing. It enables people to express themselves without fear, removes inhibition, and gives a voice to some who would usually be afraid to make themselves heard.
4. However, this becomes part of the problem of anonymous cyber bullying. Anonymity on the Internet sets us free.
5. When a bully has the power to harass someone anonymously, the consequences can be disastrous.They become able to remove themselves from the torment they are inflicting upon their victim. They cannot see beyond the veil of the computer screen and into the real world, in which they are causing the suffering of a real individual.
6. If one is being anonymously bullied, one may feel even more intimidated than one would if one knew the identity of one’s attacker. Uncertainty and confusion are horrible things.
7. In looking at anonymity, it is important to look at the motives of the bully. In this situation and in hiding their identity, a bully shows himself or herself to be truly weak and cowardly.
8. Not only are they being cruel and causing pain to another, they are doing it in an underhand way.
9. Often times, a cyber bully may be suffering from bullying in everyday life, or have been a past sufferer. In a lot of cases, the anonymous bully is a pitiable case, pathetic in their desire to abuse others, remaining hidden from view.
10. If you are a victim of cyber bullying, it is important to remember that you are not alone. It is also crucial not to forget your own strength. Although a bully may feel protected behind the safety of their screen, you hold the power.
11. If you are a victim of cyber bullying, it is important to remember that you are not alone. It is also crucial not to forget your own strength. Although a bully may feel protected behind the safety of their screen, you hold the power.
12. Firstly, ignore the bully if at all possible. Secondly, keep a record of any abuse you receive, by taking a screenshot or otherwise. Lastly and perhaps most importantly, don’t believe the bully…don’t allow them to corrode your self-esteem.

Final Thoughts:

This source has really appropriate information that I wanted. I could know not only how anonymity affect bully's mind but also bullied one's feeling. Also, I got some solutions for cyber bullying. 

Source:

Bullying: Name online bullies and ban anonymity, says MP

http://metronews.ca/news/canada/433112/name-online-bullies-and-ban-anonymity-says-mp/

My Topic:

The anonymity has an effect on cyber bullying, especially verbal abuse.

What I hope to learn from this source:

I want to find some expert's opinion about this topic.

Notes:

1. It’s difficult to imagine how we can protect freedom of expression without protecting some form of anonymity with websites and comments online.
2. It’s essential to recognize that good intentions of having people stand by their words chill and prevent many useful expressions that cannot be done publicly.
3. People choose to be anonymous online for many constructive reasons. They include being a whistleblower, reporting incidents of bullying or just having a social or political conversation that they would not want their families, friends or employers to know about.
4. The right to privacy doesn’t extend to anonymous bullies, according to Ontario’s information and privacy commissioner.

Final Thoughts:

This source provide expert's opinion that back up my idea. But I think the content of my research is a little similar. I need to find other resources which has different content or of other view.

Source:

Amid Bullying & Threats Of Violence, Anonymous Social App Yik Yak Shuts Off Access To U.S. Middle & High School Students

http://techcrunch.com/2014/03/13/amid-vicious-bullying-threats-of-violence-anonymous-social-app-yik-yak-shuts-off-access-to-u-s-middle-high-school-students/

My Topic:

The anonymity has an effect on cyber bullying, especially verbal abuse.

What I hope to learn from this source:

I want to find a detailed example which is able to support my argument. 

Notes:

1. The founders of an up-and-coming anonymous messaging app called Yik Yak, that began to take off among the middle school and high school crowd where it has been linked to both bullying and threats, have taken the unprecedented step of actually blocking younger users from accessing its application while on school grounds.
2. Yik Yak was launched by two Furman University students as something of a hyperlocal Twitter aimed at college students.
3. Though the nature of anonymous sharing leaves room for the unwanted element of cyberbullying, the issue worsened in the hands of these younger users. Soon, Yik Yak was causing trouble in schools, leading to vicious bullying that some students equated to, according to an article by CNN, “a virtual bathroom wall where users post vitriol and hate.”
4. I’d say it was far worse than that, with posts that, for example, actually saw some students bullying a girl for getting raped. In another case, an Alabama teen was arrested after threatening to shoot someone via a post on Yik Yak. And then there were the anonymous bomb threats, which saw schools going on lockdown.

Final Thoughts:

I could get a real and detailed example which is about 'Yik Yak' and I think I need to connect my argument and this example.

Week 3 : Classical Argument Outline

1. The introduction, which warms up the audience, establishes goodwill and rapport with the readers, and announces the general theme or thesis of the argument.

I will start by using examples of malicious comments which was written anonymously. Then I will mention about cyber bullying's seriousness with some examples. And then I will shift attention to connection between anonymity and cyber bullying. I will end with my thesis, "The anonymity has an effect on cyber bullying." 

2. The narration, which summarizes relevant background material, provides any information the audience needs to know about the environment and circumstances that produce the argument, and set up the stakes-what’s at risk in this question. In academic writing, this often takes the form of a literature review.

I will summarize the research I've done and provide an explanation for how I will quantify or measure the power of the brain in comparison to other computational tools. I will give a brief history of the evolution of computational tools, from the abacus to Big Blue, the famous chess playing computer. 

3. The confirmation,which lays out in a logical order (usually strongest to weakest or most obvious to most subtle) the claims that support the thesis, providing evidence for each claim.

I will start by examining how computers lack autonomy and therefore any achievement of a computer is really a human achievement. I will examine the ironic list of accomplishments of humans compared to that of computers. I will describe a set of problems that computers can't solve that humans can. I will examine the mathematical comparison between the computational power of the most powerful computers versus the human brain.

4. The refutation and concession, which looks at opposing viewpoints to the writer’s claims, anticipating objections from the audience, and allowing as much of the opposing viewpoints as possible without weakening the thesis.

I will concede that certain tasks computers obviously excel at, but in such a limited set of conditions that it doesn't matter. I will use the metaphor of a professional swimmer that can only excel on sunny days with 78% humidity and 22.3 degree water temperature in a room with no windows and a coach that has to micromanage every decision of the swimmer. 

5. The summation, which provides a strong conclusion, amplifying the force of the argument,  and showing the readers that this solution is the best at meeting the circumstances.

I will close with a summary of my previous points, then a brief consideration of the unquantifiable abilities of the human brain, like emotions and creativity that demonstrate a nuanced level of intelligence that computers have not even started to approach. I will end with a reaffirmation of my original thesis. 

Week 3 : Articulation

You want to explain what your argument will be for your final project. Remember, your final project will be a persuasive essay, which means you are persuading your reader about something. Maybe, "Skateboarding is a healthier habit than internet surfing," or "The best way to prevent cancer is a healthy diet." I want you to explain how you discovered this argument through your research.

1) My argument
I want to argue that the anonymity has an effect on cyber bullying, especially verbal abuse. The anonymous online system has an impact on user's online behavior. Many teenagers makes a personal attack and speak foul language using anonymity and openness of cyberspace. I want to emphasize there is a certain relationship between anonymity and cyber bullying.

2) How I found my argument 
My first research question was, how anonymous online affect cyber bullying and adolescent language culture. This article helped me be sure that the anonymity has an impact on cyber bullying and let me know that process. As I continued researching, I could find many information which support idea that anonymity affect cyber bullying but it is difficult to find resources about adolescent language culture. So I decided to concentrate on verbal abuse that belongs to cyber bullying. This article provides me some example of verbal abuse in cyberspace and makes me realize danger of anonymity. I finally decided to write a persuasive essay about how anonymity on cyberspace has an effect on cyber bullying especially adolescent verbal abuse.

3) New research questions
I have several questions that need to be resolved.
a) How can I connect anonymity and adolescent verbal abuse?
b) What feelings of teenagers does anonymity stimulate to make foul language?
c) Why are teenagers becoming confident when there is anonymity?
I'll continue browsing the internet and looking for interesting articles and keeping track of my research with blog posts.

4) Connections to the Harvard Sampler 
This argument has connection to the Harvard Sampler, especially 'The Internet and Hieronymus Bosch: Fear, Protection, and Liberty in Cyberspace.' I think it has a certain connection with 'Liberty in Cyberspace' because the anonymity has something to do with liberty in cyberspace.

Week 3 : Research 2

Source:
Cyberbullying Apps -- Why Are We Allowing Anonymous Cruelty?
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/randy-taran/cyberbullying-apps_b_3941599.html

My Topic:
The anonymity has an effect on cyber bullying, especially verbal abuse.

What I hope to learn from this source:
I want to find some real examples of cyber bullying which is affected by anonymity.

Notes:

1. Last week, 12-year-old Rebecca Ann Sedwick jumped from a platform at an abandoned cement factory to her death after being tormented online and through cellphone apps.
2. It's easy to be cruel when what you say is anonymous: In many apps and websites there is no identification or accountability for who says what. This can and does bring out the worst of human nature. 
3. Yet, if anonymity brings out the worst in people, then is it wise to condone and passively support technology that facilitates social toxicity?

Final Thoughts:

This source does not include not that much information about anonymity but I could get some sad examples of cyber bullying. And I decided to conclude cyber bullying includes verbal abuse. 

Week 2 : Research 1

Source:

Invisible Online: How Anonymity Effects Cyberbullying

http://www.trulioo.com/blog/2013/10/25/invisible-online-how-anonymity-effects-cyberbullying/

My Topic:

The anonymity has an effect on cyber bullying, especially verbal abuse.

What I hope to learn from this source:

I want to find that the anonymity can affect teenager's behavior on cyberspace, and if that is possible, I also want to know how big the affect is.

Notes:

1. According to the American Academy of Pediatrics, cyberbullying is the top online risks for teenagers, but adolescents aren’t the only age group impacted by online harassment.
2. The ability to remain anonymous has a direct impact on users’ online behavior.
3.  According to a study by Rider University’s Department of Psychology, the anonymity provided by cyberspace allows people to do and say things they would never do otherwise.
4.  This frankness can be useful in some instances, but it can also lead to psychological damage, especially in its younger victims who aren’t yet able to recognize the insecurities behind these behaviors.
5. Rider University’s John Suler expounded on the Online Disinhibition Effect in a 2004 article in the journalCyberPsychology and Behavior. In the article, Suler stated that the effect is caused by a variety of factors, including anonymity and the feeling that one is invisible as he or she moves from one website to another.
6. Suler also described how the imagination plays into online interactions, allowing people to disassociate from reality and become a part of the online worlds they inhabit.

Final Thoughts:

This source help me to get reliable information that support my opinion. I am able to know detailed process of how anonymity has influence on teenager's feeling, online behavior. I think I need to find some examples in reality and the effect of  anonymous online on verbal abuse. I wish there is some resources with regard to verbal abuse not only cyber bullying.

Week 2 : Research Proposal

What is my current topic?
I'm thinking two topics now. One is that 'Anonymity has an effect on cyber flaming(verbal abuse on cyber place.)' and another one is 'Anonymity has an effect on cyber bullying.' My final persuasive essay will be about one of them.

What are my guiding questions?
I am curious about how anonymous online affect cyber bulling, especially verbal abuse and adolescent language culture.. Therefore, I have to find out the relationship between anonymity and teenager's behavior on cyberspace. Also I want to know about whether their behavior on cyberspace will be different according to existence of anonymity.

What are my current thoughts?
First, I'm sure that there is some affect on cyber bullying the anonymity has. So I think anonymity has an effect on cyber bullying(or cyber flaming or verbal abuse), especially among teenagers. I want to persuade people of danger of anonymity on cyberspace.

What is the opposition?
My opponents may argue that there is no relationship between anonymity and adolescent verbal abuse. They might think that verbal abuse or bullying is just an individuals feature.